Fireproof building structure.



No. 729,299. PATENTED' MAYzs, 19%.

0.v M. ELLI'NGER- & L. KOPGZYNSKI.

PIREPROOP BUILDING STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 5, 1903.

NO MODEL.

r: Noam: vzrzns co. wow-Limb" wumncrou. w. c.

UNITED STATES 1 Patented May 26, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

CLARENCE M. nnrgmcnn nnn LEON KOPOZYNSKI, or BALTIMORE, MARYLAND,;SAIDKOPOZYNSKI ASSIGNOR TO SAID ELLINGER.

IFIRETPROT-JOF eul Lome STRUCTURE.

,SlsECI-FICATIONiorming part of Letters Patent No. 729,299, dated May26, 1903.

' Aspirant; filed as, 5.11903. Serial No. 137,343. (No model.)

. able the structure to resist uniformly the va rious forces tending tostrain or break it'.: The main rods-used in this structu re are comparati-vely'short, thelengthof each being substantially equalto thedistance between the centers of two adjacent supports. This arran gementofshort rods enables the construction to be carried on more readily thanwhere long rods extending through the length or width of a buildingandover the entire series of supportsare' employed.

In the-accompanying drawings, Figure l is a perspective view of aportion of a structure comprising a pillar,a beam, and the floor, the:said parts being shown in vertical section tog illustrate thearrangement of the metal rods. Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2 2 ofFig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig.4is avertical longitudinal section through one of the beams, on a smallerscale, illustrat-.j

ing the arrangement of rods between two ad-' jacent pillars or supports.Figs. 5 and 6 are views showing the tieswhich are-used to connect therods in one sideof the structure with the rods or body of cement in theopposite side of the structure, and Fig. 7 is a detail showing amodification.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, A B-O indicate parts of a column,abeam, and a floor, respectively, these elements of the structure beingmolded in one integral mass. The column, as shown, consists of thevertically-arranged rods 1 2 3 4, tied together at suitable intervals byplates 5 6, havingopenings at their ends through which the rods extend.The plates extend diagonally through the column, as shown, the plates 5connecting the rods 3 4 and the plates 6 connecting the rods 1 2. Theserods and platesare embedded in the mass of concrete 7, which forms thebody of the column. It will be noted that the vertical rods extendthrough the beam B, and the column above and below the beam iscontinuous, the cement in the beam forming in reality a part of thecolumn. Throughout the length of the beam in the lower part thereof isarranged a longitudinal series of tension-rods 8 and, according to thewidth of the beam, one or more corresponding parallel series oftension-rods 8. Each of these rods,

as shown, extends horizontally from a point these rods, as shown, arebeut into a hooked form, and the ends of adjacent rods are umn. Thehooked ends are preferably tied by loops of metal13, passing around eachrod and its hooked end, as shown in Fig. 1. These rods 11 and 11 resisttensile stress in the structure between the columns or supports andlikewise strongly resist the shearing stress adjacent to the supports.

. Above the inclined ends of the rods 11 11- are arranged shorthorizontal rods 14 14, having their ends 15 turned downwardly. Theserods 14 14 extend through the line of the column and to equal distancesbeyond the column and further strengthen the structure against shearingor breaking forces adjacent to the column. The bent ends of the variousrods anchor the rods in the cement.

The floor 0 comprises a mass of cement molded around a series ofparallel rods 16, extending across each floor-span between ad jacentbeams or supports, and a similar parallel series of rods 17, extendingthrough each span at right angles to the series 16.

Each rod in the floor has the same form as the rods 11 and-'11" in thebeams, its central .hooked together at the center line of the coloverthe the beam.

portion lying in the lower part of the mass of cement composing thefloor and its end portions rising gradually into the upper part of thestructure adjacent to the beams or supports and having their ends 18hooked to the rods in the adjacent floor-span centrally The rods arearranged at suitable distances apart to give the required rigidity tothe floor and serve the same purpose in the floor as the rods 11 and 11serve in the beam. The portions of the rods lying in the lower part ofthe beam or floor are connected by suitable ties to the upper part ofthe structure, and the portions of the rods lying in the upper part ofthe structu re are similarly tied to the lower part of the structure.Thus, as shown in the drawings, ties 19, consisting of metal loops, arepassed around the rods 16 and 17 and extend through the mass of cementtoward the opposite side of the structure from the portion of the rodsaround which they extend, the loops at the raised portion of the rodsextending downwardly and those at the depressed portions of the rodsextending upwardly. These ties, consisting of split rings of bar-iron,forming loops, as shown in Fig. 5, may be used throughout the structurewherever it is desirable to tie the rods. In the beams the rods arepreferably tied into the mass of cement by ties E of the form shown inFig. 6, consisting of a strip of flat metal having an outline more orless resembling a letter W. The upper ends of the tie are turnedinwardly, forming hooks 2t), and the central portion 2L of the tie isbent upwardly berods.

tween the vertical sides 22 into the form of an inverted V. In theleft-hand portion of Fig. 1 two of these ties E are shown in fullconnecting the upperlnostrods 14 14 and the lowermost rods 11 11, and atie E is shown connecting rods ll 11 and 8 8. As shown in Fig. 2, theupper ends of the ties E are hooked over the rods 14 14:,and the tieextends downwardly from said rods beneath the rods 8 8 and thenceconvexly upward between said rodsinto the mass of concrete at thecenterof the beam. With this construction there is no possibility ofmovement orslippage between the ties and rods, and the beam cannot splitvertically between the two vertical series of The ties E, as shown inFigs. 1 and 3, are the same in form, but hook over the rods 11 11 andpass under the rods 8 S, the convex central positions of the tiesextending upwardly toward the central portion of the beam. Where therods all lie in the lower part of the beam toward the middle of the spanbetween adjacent columns, the ties E extend beneath the rods 8 S, andtheir upper hooked ends are embedded in the cement in the upper part ofthe beam. The rods in the lower part of the structure are thus tied intothe cementin the upper part by the ties E while the ties E tie the upperrods into the lower part of the structure and the lower rods into theupper part of the structure.

It will be understood that ties of the forms shown or other suitableties will be placed in the structure wherever desired, their arrangementbeing varied to suit dilferent conditions. While it is unnecessary toconnect the ends of the tension-rods 8, extending through adjacent spansof the beam, we may, if desired, connect them in the manner shown inFig. 7, placing a metal loop or collar 23 over the adjacent upturnedends 10.

It will be seen that the rods employed are not necessarily longer thanthe distance between the centers of two adjacent columns or supports andare therefore readily handled and placed in position.

Having described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent,

1. A building structure, such as a floor or beam, having a supportintermediate of its ends, said structure consisting of a mass ofcemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in the mass,said framework comprising a pair of rods extending in substantially thesame vertical plane through the lower part of the mass at opposite sidesof the support, thence rising gradually, adjacent to the support, intothe upper part of the structure and having bent ends which are hookedtogether above the support.

2. A building structure, such as a floor or beam, having a supportintermediate of its ends, said structure consisting of a mass ofcemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in the mass,said framework comprising a pair of rods extending through the lowerpart of the mass at opposite sides of the support, thence risinggradually adjacent to the support into the upper part of the structureand having bent ends which are hooked together above the support, and ametal tie extending around each rod and its bent-over end portion.

3. A building structure, such as a floor or beam, having a supportintermediate of its ends, said structure consisting of a mass ofcemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in the mass,said framework comprising a pair of rods-extending through the lowerpart of the mass at opposite sides of the support, thence risinggradually, adjacent to the support, into the upper part of the structureand having their ends secured together above the support, and metal tiesextending around said bars and into the mass at the opposite side of thestructure.

4. A building structure such as a floor or beam, having a supportintermediate of its ends, said structure consisting of a mass ofcemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass,said framework comprising metal tension-rods arranged hori zontally inthe lower part of the structure at opposite sides of the support andterminating over the support, and a pair of rods arranged above saidtension-rods and extending through the lower. part of the mass at op--posite sides of the support, thence rising gradually adjacent to thesupport into the upper part of the structure and being secured togetherabove the support.

5. A building structure, such as a-floor or beam, having a supportintermediate of its ends, said structure consisting of a mass ofcemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass,said framework comprising metal tension-rods arranged horizontally inthe lower part of the structure at opposite sides of the support andterminating-over the support, and a pair of rods arranged above saidtension-rods and extending through the lower part of the mass atopposite sides of the support, thence rising gradually adjacent to thesupport into the upper part of the structure and having their ends bentover and hooked togetherabove the support.

6. A building structure, such as a flooror beam, having a supportintermediate of its ends, said structure consisting of a mass ofcemented material and a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass,said framework comprising metal tension-rods arranged horizontally inthe lower part of the structure at opposite sides of the support andterminating over the support, and a pair of rods arranged above saidtension-rods and extending through the lower part of the mass atopposite sides of the support, thence rising gradually adjacent to thesupport into the upper part of the structure and having their ends bentover and hooked together above the support, and metal ties extendingaround each of said latter rods and its bent-over end portion.

7. Abuilding structure such as a beam, having a support intermediate ofits ends, said structure consisting of a mass of cemented material and aframework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprisingtension-rods arranged horizontally in the lower part of the structure atopposite'sides of the support and terminating over the support, a pairof rods arranged above said tension rods and extending through the lowerpart of the mass at opposite sides of the support, thence risinggradually adjacent to the support into the upper part of the structureand being secured together above the support, and a short rodhorizontally arranged in the upper part of the structure above thesupport and extending at each side of the support longitudinally of thebeam.

8. A building structure such as a beam, having a support intermediate ofits ends, said structure consisting of a mass of ce mented material anda framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said frameworkcomprising tension-rods arranged horizontally-in the lower part of thestructure at opposite sides of the support and terminating over thesupport, a pair of rods arranged above said tension rods and extendingthrough the lower part of the mass at opposite sides of the support,thence rising gradually adjacent to the support into the upper part ofthe structure and being secured together above the support, and a shortrod horizontally arranged in the upper part of the structure above thesupport and extending at each side of the support longitudinally of thebeam, all of said rods having their ends bent out of line with theadjoining por-' tions of the rods.

9. A building structure such as a beam, having a supportintermediate ofits ends, said structure consisting of a mass of cemented material and aframework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said framework comprisingtension-rods arranged horizontally in the lower part of the structure atopposite sides of the support and terminating over the support, a pairof rods arranged above said tension-rods and extendingthrough the lowerpart of the mass at opposite sides of the support, thence risinggradually adjacent to the support into the upper part of the structureand being secured together above the support, and a short rodhorizontally arranged in the upper part of the structure above thesupport and extending at each side of the support longitudinally of thebeam, and ties securing the rods in the lower part of the structure Withthe upper part of the structure and vice versa.

10. A building structure, such as a beam, having a support intermediateof its ends, said structure consisting of a mass of cemented materialand a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said frameworkcomprising parallel pairs of tension-rods arranged horizontally in thelower part of the structure at opposite sides of the support, each pairterminating over the support, corresponding pairs of rods arranged abovesaid tensionrods in substantially the same vertical plane, and extendingthrough the lower part of the mass at opposite sides of the support,each pair rising gradually adjacent to the support 'into the upper partof the structure and being secured above the support to the pair at theopposite side of the support, short rods arranged above said pairs ofrods and projecting at each side of the support, and ties connectingsaid rods with one another and the mass of cement. V v

11. A building structure, such as a beam, having a support intermediateof its ends, said structure consisting of a mass of cemented-materialand a framework of metal rods embedded in said mass, said frameworkcomprising parallel pairs of tension-rods arranged plane, and extendingthrough the lower part of the mass at opposite sides of the support,each pair rising gradually adjacent to the IOC IOR

IIO

support into the upper part of the structure and being secured above thesupport to the pair at the opposite side of the support, short rodsarranged above said pairs of rods and projecting at each side of thesupport, and ties having end portions hooked over said short rods andpassing beneath the tensionrods and thence upwardly between the rodstoward the center of the beam.

12. In a fireproof structure consisting of a mass of cement and aframework of metal rods, a tie for binding said rods and cement togethercomprising a metal strip having the upright side portions 22 and thecentral portion 21 bent inwardly between said side portions.

13. In a fireproof structure consisting of a mass of cement and aframework of metal rods, the tie for connecting said rods with oneanother and with the mass of cement consisting of a metal strip havingthe vertical side portions 22, the overturned end portions and theconvex central portion 2]..

14. A building structure, such as a beam having a support intermediateof its ends, said structure consisting of a mass of cemented materialand a framework of metal rods embedded in the mass, said frameworkcomprising a pairof straight tension-rods extending through the lowerpart of the mass at opposite sides of the support in substantially thesame vertical plane, and having their adjacent ends bent out of linewith the axes of the rods, and a metal band or tie connecting said bentend portions.

In testimony whereof we aflix our signatures in presence of twowitnesses.

CLARENCE M. ELLINGER. LEON KOPOZYNSKI. Witnesses:

WM. PENN LEWIS, SAM. C. IIoULToN.

